46. URSS - BAKU, AZERBAIJÃO E PRAIA 1 00:00:01.20 --> 00:00:05.12 Russia is one of the 15 Soviet republics 2 00:00:05.13 --> 00:00:08.26 Each republic has its own language and culture 3 00:00:08.27 --> 00:00:12.11 From Islamic tradition, Azerbaijan is the communists’ summer camp 4 00:0015.16 --> 00:00:17.00 SUMMER IN AZERBAIJAN 5 00:00:34.15--> 00:00:36.24 Hello, dear Brazil spectators, 6 00:00:36.25 --> 00:00:40.00 once again with you, your reporter Ernesto Varela. 7 00:00:40.21 --> 00:00:42.28 After taking this plane in Moscow 8 00:00:43.02 --> 00:00:45.22 and flying across 2400 km, 9 00:00:46.00 --> 00:00:49.04 we’re now landing in the city of Baku, 10 00:00:49.18 --> 00:00:51.15 the capital of Azerbaijan, 11 00:00:51.27 --> 00:00:55.24 a republic down here in the Soviet Union’s map. 12 00:00:56.00 --> 00:00:57.26 How do we call someone who was born in Baku, huh, Waldecy? 13 00:00:58.12 --> 00:00:59.14 Bakunian or Bukunanian? 14 00:01:06.13 --> 00:01:08.11 Look! It’s such a coincidence, 15 00:01:08.12 --> 00:01:09.29 also disembarking with us, 16 00:01:10.05 --> 00:01:11.28 there’s Aliyev saying hi. 17 00:01:12.06 --> 00:01:14.25 He’s Soviet Union’s 2nd strongman in the government. 18 00:01:15.04 --> 00:01:16.27 He’s the president of the KGB! 19 00:01:18.04 --> 00:01:20.28 As you all know, the USSR, 20 00:01:20.29 --> 00:01:23.19 Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics, 21 00:01:23.23 --> 00:01:25.22 is not the same thing as Russia. 22 00:01:26.01 --> 00:01:29.22 Russia is just one of the 15 republics 23 00:01:29.29 --> 00:01:31.17 that form the Soviet Union. 24 00:01:32.00 --> 00:01:34.21 There in that mural we see, in the first place, 25 00:01:34.27 --> 00:01:38.15 Russia, then Ukraine, Belarus, Uzbekistan, 26 00:01:38.22 --> 00:01:47.27 Kazakhstan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, where we are now, 27 00:01:42.04 --> 00:01:45.16 Lithuania, Moldova, Latvia, Kirgizstan, 28 00:01:45.23 --> 00:01:50.01 Tajikistan, Armenia, Turkmenistan and Estonia. 29 00:01:51.05 --> 00:01:53.28 The Soviet Republics form a big country, 30 00:01:54.04 --> 00:01:56.16 almost three times the size of Brazil. 31 00:01:57.14 --> 00:02:00.07 There are 12 time zones and, nevertheless, 32 00:02:00.15 --> 00:02:03.25 some images repeat through this hugeness. 33 00:02:07.15 --> 00:02:10.23 Azerbaijan is the Soviet Union’s number 2 34 00:02:10.25 --> 00:02:14.09 oil producer – only behind Siberia. 35 00:02:17.13 --> 00:02:21.22 8.5 million of Azerbaijanis live here 36 00:02:22.02 --> 00:02:24.21 most of them are Arab and Persian 37 00:02:25.04 --> 00:02:28.20 descendants, of all of those people that 38 00:02:28.23 --> 00:02:29.23 live in the Middle East. 39 00:02:32.22 --> 00:02:35.23 This place is called the “Fire Temple”. 40 00:02:36.05 --> 00:02:38.17 In this place, the ancient people, 41 00:02:38.24 --> 00:02:40.25 not knowing what oil was, 42 00:02:41.04 --> 00:02:43.19 used to worship fire as a god. 43 00:02:44.15 --> 00:02:47.23 This is a temple dedicated to the fire cult. 44 00:02:49.13 --> 00:02:51.10 Believe it or not, 45 00:03:01.11 --> 00:03:04.17 Baku is a touristic city, a summer camp city. 46 00:03:04.24 --> 00:03:09.00 It’s like Guarujá, to the Paulistas, or Cabo Frio, 47 00:03:09.03 --> 00:03:09.28 to the Cariocas. 48 00:03:10.17 --> 00:03:14.11 These are images of the promenade that meanders 49 00:03:14.12 --> 00:03:15.22 by Baku’s seashore. 50 00:03:17.13 --> 00:03:20.02 The Soviets are really generous. 51 00:03:20.05 --> 00:03:23.03 While we film, we’re being followed, 52 00:03:23.11 --> 00:03:25.07 I mean, helped, 53 00:03:25.10 --> 00:03:29.01 by a 5 people staff, right, Wadelcy? 54 00:03:29.13 --> 00:03:32.08 There are 4 guys inside the bus, 55 00:03:32.09 --> 00:03:33.16 from the Moscow TV, 56 00:03:33.22 --> 00:03:37.00 and one more here, next to me, from the Baku TV. 57 00:03:38.08 --> 00:03:40.24 No, I didn’t miscount it, this is the atmosphere in here, 58 00:03:40.27 --> 00:03:42.18 it’s like a surveilled freedom. 59 00:03:44.29 --> 00:03:48.04 They don’t speak Russian here in Azerbaijan, 60 00:03:48.10 --> 00:03:50.18 they speak Azeri. 61 00:03:50.28 --> 00:03:54.25 In the USSR, by the way, 62 00:03:55.03 --> 00:03:58.26 approximately 150 languages are spoken, 63 00:03:58.27 --> 00:03:59.26 dear spectators. 64 00:04:00.09 --> 00:04:02.13 Do you want to hear how different Azeri is 65 00:04:02.15 --> 00:04:03.17 from the Russian they speak in Moscow? 66 00:04:04.11 --> 00:04:05.15 Speak some Azeri, boss. 67 00:04:12.15 --> 00:04:13.11 It’s impressive, 68 00:04:13.12 --> 00:04:14.29 I don’t get anything 69 00:04:15.03 --> 00:04:16.06 of the words he’s saying. 70 00:04:16.16 --> 00:04:19.00 This is the famous samovar. 71 00:04:19.08 --> 00:04:22.10 Not just the English like tea. 72 00:04:22.17 --> 00:04:23.25 Here in the Soviet Union, 73 00:04:24.17 --> 00:04:26.09 everybody loves tea. 74 00:04:28.26 --> 00:04:31.23 Tea! Tea! Tea! Finally we found a word that’s similar. 75 00:04:32.13 --> 00:04:34.04 On a Sunday like this, 76 00:04:34.05 --> 00:04:37.01 people in Brazil just have an ice cold beer, 77 00:04:37.03 --> 00:04:39.27 while you just take a hot little tea, right? 78 00:04:45.00 --> 00:04:46.24 Yaxsi? Yaxsi! 79 00:04:47.05 --> 00:04:50.07 For those who don’t know, “yaxsi”, in Azeri, 80 00:04:50.17 --> 00:04:52.18 means “horosho” in Russian. 81 00:04:54.06 --> 00:04:57.05 And “horosho”, in Portuguese means “very good”. 82 00:05:00.24 --> 00:05:02.11 We’re now going 83 00:05:02.16 --> 00:05:04.02 to visit a bar in Baku 84 00:05:04.10 --> 00:05:06.21 where they don’t sell alcoholic beverages. 85 00:05:08.13 --> 00:05:10.26 After all we’re in a region of people 86 00:05:10.29 --> 00:05:12.19 with Islamic roots. 87 00:05:13.29 --> 00:05:15.15 As you read in there, 88 00:05:15.16 --> 00:05:17.18 this poster up there is saying 89 00:05:17.23 --> 00:05:20.07 “Battle against alcoholic beverages”, 90 00:05:20.10 --> 00:05:21.17 and on the poster below it’s written 91 00:05:21.19 --> 00:05:23.23 “This is a self-service service”. 92 00:05:24.15 --> 00:05:25.18 They have pancakes, 93 00:05:26.07 --> 00:05:26.26 fried eggs, 94 00:05:27.27 --> 00:05:28.26 tomato salad, 95 00:05:29.28 --> 00:05:32.27 and some sweets, like donuts, 96 00:05:33.21 --> 00:05:36.07 yogurts, many types of yogurts and juices, 97 00:05:37.21 --> 00:05:39.12 hard-boiled eggs, 98 00:05:40.02 --> 00:05:42.15 coffee and milk. 99 00:05:42.29 --> 00:05:44.14 You don’t have any cachaça in here, man? 100 00:05:44.22 --> 00:05:45.26 You don’t have vodka? 101 00:05:47.10 --> 00:05:49.14 Let’s make our little meal then, 102 00:05:59.19 --> 00:05:50.24 let’s sit there, Waldecy. 103 00:06:01.29 --> 00:06:04.12 Gorbachev’s new government 104 00:06:04.25 --> 00:06:08.15 has been making some anti-alcoholic policies. 105 00:06:08.28 --> 00:06:10.27 It seems that the Russian have been drinking a lot 106 00:06:10.28 --> 00:06:11.22 lately. 107 00:06:12.05 --> 00:06:15.07 Today, for example, pubs had 108 00:06:15.26 --> 00:06:18.13 their working period reduced, 109 00:06:18.23 --> 00:06:21.18 besides the fact that they also reduced the amount of pubs 110 00:06:21.29 --> 00:06:24.24 specially those that were near 111 00:06:25.02 --> 00:06:26.08 workplaces. 112 00:06:26.28 --> 00:06:29.28 Another policy from the new government 113 00:06:30.04 --> 00:06:32.29 was to cut Christmas bonus salary 114 00:06:33.09 --> 00:06:35.07 of people that were arriving drunk 115 00:06:35.10 --> 00:06:35.29 at work. 116 00:06:37.05 --> 00:06:39.27 Now we’re going to take look in a fair that 117 00:06:40.04 --> 00:06:42.19 here in Azerbaijan, they call “bazaar”, 118 00:06:42.28 --> 00:06:46.01 a Persian word. 119 00:07:06.13 --> 00:07:08.04 I don’t know if the shops are state-owned 120 00:07:08.05 --> 00:07:09.09 or if they’re private. 121 00:07:09.27 --> 00:07:11.20 Are you a shop owner, mam? 122 00:07:17.14 --> 00:07:20.25 We’re from a “kolkhoz”, 123 00:07:21.06 --> 00:07:25.18 we work in a collective farm. 124 00:07:25.27 --> 00:07:27.01 From the “kolkhoznic”? 125 00:07:28.12 --> 00:07:32.04 The “kolkhoz” are the Soviet Union’s 126 00:07:32.05 --> 00:07:33.12 collective farms. 127 00:07:33.22 --> 00:07:35.14 They’re members of the farm 128 00:07:35.24 --> 00:07:37.10 and produced the amount 129 00:07:37.12 --> 00:07:39.02 they had to give to the state 130 00:07:39.11 --> 00:07:41.00 and now they’re here selling 131 00:07:41.08 --> 00:07:44.04 the surplus to the population. 132 00:07:44.25 --> 00:07:46.15 Is this peach good, mam? 133 00:07:49.08 --> 00:07:51.04 Let’s see if it’s good… 134 00:07:52.12 --> 00:07:53.27 How much is a peach, sir? 135 00:07:58.03 --> 00:08:00.27 A ruble? For 1 kg? A ruble for a kilo? 136 00:08:01.25 --> 00:08:03.28 This is how the Soviet economy is like: 137 00:08:04.03 --> 00:08:07.15 in Moscow, with 10 rubles, 10 kg of peaches, 138 00:08:07.22 --> 00:08:10.20. you can pay your rent, housing, electricity and water. 139 00:08:13.28 --> 00:08:15.16 Chicken?! Chicken?! 140 00:08:16.19 --> 00:08:18.10 A ruble? It’s cheap! 141 00:08:19.18 --> 00:08:21.18 There’re many good things in this fair. 142 00:08:21.26 --> 00:08:26.14 Grapes, plums, watermelons, tomatoes! Look, look. 143 00:08:26.27 --> 00:08:28.02 They all look pretty good. 144 00:08:28.24 --> 00:08:29.29 A melon… How is the melon? 145 00:08:30.06 --> 00:08:31.04 “Horosho”, this melon? 146 00:08:32.19 --> 00:08:34.12 “Horosho”, he said that the melon is good! 147 00:08:35.21 --> 00:08:37.29 There’s a fruit in there, look, very interesting, 148 00:08:38.00 --> 00:08:39.02 look, Waldecy, show it. 149 00:08:40.09 --> 00:08:43.24 It’s like a tangerine without the peel 150 00:08:44.01 --> 00:08:44.26 let’s find out what it is. 151 00:08:46.16 --> 00:08:49.23 Hey, boss, what is this little fruit? 152 00:08:51.12 --> 00:08:51.27 What’s that? 153 00:08:52.14 --> 00:08:59.7 Shamamor? Is it from Azerbaijan? Azerbaijan? 154 00:09:01.15 --> 00:09:02.09 How am I suppose to eat it? 155 00:09:04.02 --> 00:09:06.21 Hum, it smells good. 156 00:09:07.11 --> 00:09:07.29 Can I bite it? 157 00:09:09.08 --> 00:09:11.04 It’s a pity you can’t feel it 158 00:09:11.05 --> 00:09:12.08 but it smells very good. 159 00:09:12.19 --> 00:09:14.17 Can I bite it? No?! 160 00:09:20.28 --> 00:09:22.24 Oh, it’s not for eating! 161 00:09:22.27 --> 00:09:24.25 You have to hang it your house 162 00:09:25.01 --> 00:09:27.23 to perfume the environment. 163 00:09:28.21 --> 00:09:30.29 And this? Ok, “horosho”. 164 00:09:42.20 --> 00:09:43.27 Just as the Brazilian people, 165 00:09:43.28 --> 00:09:46.01 the Soviet people is composed 166 00:09:46.03 --> 00:09:48.17 by a mix of many races. 167 00:09:52.01 --> 00:09:54.27 Baku is the Caucasus’ little princess. 168 00:09:55.05 --> 00:09:56.23 Here, near the city, 169 00:09:56.24 --> 00:08:59.01 there are many summer camps 170 00:09:59.11 --> 00:10:01.09 where the Soviets come to spend 171 00:10:01.10 --> 00:10:02.20 their leisure time. 172 00:10:03.07 --> 00:10:05.14 I and my little Soviet crew 173 00:10:05.16 --> 00:10:07.08 that grows bigger and bigger now, 174 00:10:07.17 --> 00:10:09.15 are going to take a little walk in the beach. 175 00:10:10.10 --> 00:10:11.27 Vamos a la playa, guys? 176 00:10:26.15 --> 00:10:28.21 – How are you. – I’m good. 177 00:10:30.13 --> 00:10:32.21 “Pajalusta” means “how are you?”. 178 00:10:33.08 --> 00:10:36.08 In this place we have a very interesting point of view, 179 00:10:36.09 --> 00:00:00.00 dear spectators. 180 00:10:37.21 --> 00:10:39.29 If we look and would go swimming 181 00:10:40.14 --> 00:10:43.18 that way, we’d get to Iran. 182 00:10:44.13 --> 00:10:46.04 To the other side, that way, 183 00:10:46.21 --> 00:10:49.05 estaríamos indo para uma outra república we would get to another Soviet Republic. 184 00:10:49.08 --> 00:10:53.21 Back here is Turkey 185 00:10:54.13 --> 00:10:58.00 and above it all, there’s Lenin. 186 00:11:08.23 --> 00:11:10.11 So, dear spectators, 187 00:11:10.12 --> 00:11:12.21 we arrived in a beautiful beach called… 188 00:11:12.23 --> 00:11:13.27 What is the name of this beach, Nazin? 189 00:11:14.08 --> 00:11:15.26 – Ganjilik. – Ganjilik. 190 00:11:17.22 --> 00:11:21.22 To get the beach people in a good mood 191 00:11:22.02 --> 00:11:25.05 they hang a speaker up on an iron pole 192 00:11:25.06 --> 00:11:28.15 and they play some cheerful music. 193 00:11:34.21 --> 00:11:36.26 Let’s go there talk to those babes, 194 00:11:36.27 --> 00:11:37.22 Waldecy. Let’s go. 195 00:11:40.20 --> 00:11:44.13 What’s the last summer trend here in Russia, 196 00:11:44.24 --> 00:11:45.17 I mean, Soviet Union? 197 00:11:46.21 --> 00:11:49.02 The less clothing, the better. 198 00:11:55.12 --> 00:11:56.015 The lesser? 199 00:11:57.04 --> 00:11:58.15 The lesser you dress?! 200 00:11:58.20 --> 00:12:00.009 The bathing suit? The clothing? 201 00:12:03.02 --> 00:12:05.15 We’re still being photographed 202 00:12:05.20 --> 00:12:07.21 and observed in here, dear spectators. 203 00:12:07.29 --> 00:12:11.05 Actually, there’s not much difference 204 00:12:11.07 --> 00:12:12.07 from the Brazilian beaches. 205 00:12:12.21 --> 00:12:15.16 Except for the sand, that’s a bit darker 206 00:12:16.11 --> 00:12:16.25 and harder. 207 00:12:18.14 --> 00:12:21.03 People are sort of the same 208 00:12:21.04 --> 00:12:22.25 we see in the beaches down in Brazil. 209 00:12:23.23 --> 00:12:29.14 There’s only a wall back there, dividing the beaches… 210 00:12:29.21 --> 00:12:30.22 Hey, Nazin, excuse me. 211 00:12:32.11 --> 00:12:35.21 Why is there a wall separating the beaches? 212 00:12:36.14 --> 00:12:40.18 Because each beach belongs to a different spa. 213 00:12:42.00 --> 00:12:45.02 So there’re not streams of people… 214 00:12:45.22 --> 00:12:46.25 Everything is organized. 215 00:12:47.17 --> 00:12:51.07 Yeah, everything is organized and controlled. 216 00:12:51.10 --> 00:12:53.13 If you’re from the oil producers syndicate 217 00:12:53.20 --> 00:12:55.27 you can’t have a bath with the guys from 218 00:12:55.29 --> 00:12:57.20 the potatoes producers syndicate. 219 00:12:58.10 --> 00:13:01.15 They’re very organized, but, just like in Brazil, 220 00:13:01.25 --> 00:13:03.26 there’s always a way to get things. 221 00:13:04.15 --> 00:13:07.14 Let’s go there and show the summer camp, Waldecy, 222 00:13:07.16 --> 00:13:07.23 come here. 223 00:13:08.18 --> 00:13:09.23 Easy there, Waldecy. 224 00:13:10.08 --> 00:13:12.06 The KGB is photographing us. 225 00:13:18.06 --> 00:1320.22 And now we’re on the other side of the wall 226 00:13:20.23 --> 00:13:23.26 where the beach is even busier. 227 00:13:25.14 --> 00:13:26.27 Also here in the Soviet Union 228 00:13:27.03 --> 00:13:30.12 there’re these young men playing with 229 00:13:30.13 --> 00:13:31.11 their undesirable little balls. 230 00:13:41.23 --> 00:13:44.18 Look, Waldecy, though it’s a Soviet beach, 231 00:13:45.00 --> 00:13:46.21 there’s a little soccer game going on, look. 232 00:13:49.05 --> 00:13:51.11 The “central back”, as you can see, 233 00:13:51.22 --> 00:13:56.01 is that strong, blonde, 1,85m tall woman. 234 00:13:58.04 --> 00:13:59.08 Do you want to play, Waldecy? 235 00:14:00.15 --> 00:14:02.03 Let’s go, let’s show the Soviets 236 00:14:02.05 --> 00:14:04.10 how this game is played. 237 00:14:04.21 --> 00:14:05.10 Are they letting us play? 238 00:14:08.04 --> 00:14:11.29 And now, the art-soccer supremacy… 239 00:14:12.07 --> 00:14:16.13 The supremacy of a spectacle-soccer was unquestionable… 240 00:14:31.21 --> 00:14:34.24 Now it’s Waldecy’s favorite part: 241 00:14:35.09 --> 00:14:38.15 when everyone just sit, and drink their little 242 00:14:38.25 --> 00:14:41.03 their little… their little tea? 243 00:14:42.00 --> 00:14:45.09 – Are you a Soviet? – Yes, I am. 244 00:14:45.19 --> 00:14:47.18 What do you do for living? 245 00:14:47.28 --> 00:14:51.28 I’m a French and Czech speaking touristic guide. 246 00:14:52.09 --> 00:14:54.28 Do the soviets can go wherever they want 247 00:14:55.00 --> 00:14:57.15 in their vacations, are they able to travel, 248 00:14:57.16 --> 00:14:59.15 they don’t need any special authorization? 249 00:15:00.14 --> 00:15:05.11 Of course, it’s normal for us to visit other republics. 250 00:15:05.28 --> 00:15:07.26 That is: you can go anywhere you want to 251 00:15:08.00 --> 00:15:10.07 since you don’t leave the Soviet Union. 252 00:15:11.12 --> 00:15:14.16 Let’s talk to a Soviet family in vacations. 253 00:15:14.22 --> 00:15:18.14 This is Igor, he’s a welder, 254 00:15:19.07 --> 00:15:23.10 this is his son, Okostia and Tania, his wife. 255 00:15:23.28 --> 00:15:27.02 Do you travel every year during vacations? 256 00:15:30.05 --> 00:15:32.29 Almost every year, I rarely stay in my city. 257 00:15:33.11 --> 00:15:36.00 Is it hard to get a place 258 00:15:36.01 --> 00:15:37.09 in a summer camp like this? 259 00:15:37.10 --> 00:15:39.28 How long do you have to stay in line 260 00:15:40.01 --> 00:15:40.26 to get it? 261 00:15:42.11 --> 00:15:44.19 There’s no line. I just buy a train ticket and come. 262 00:15:45.01 --> 00:15:48.02 Every Soviet citizen has the right to vacations, it’s in the Constitution. 263 00:15:49.16 --> 00:15:51.04 I’m asking you all those questions 264 00:15:51.07 --> 00:15:53.27 because in Brazil, it is very difficult 265 00:15:53.28 --> 00:15:54.17 for a metalworker 266 00:15:54.20 --> 00:15:57.03 to spend his vacations in such a cool beach 267 00:15:57.14 --> 00:15:59.26 like this, in Baku, here in the Soviet Union. 268 00:16:01.00 --> 00:16:03.03 Alright, dear spectators, 269 00:16:03.04 --> 00:16:04.24 this is all for today, 270 00:16:04.27 --> 00:16:07.08 And the number of Soviet friends in our table 271 00:16:07.13 --> 00:16:09.06 only gets bigger and bigger. 272 00:16:09.18 --> 00:16:13.22 This week you saw the Soviets’ vacations. 273 00:16:14.02 --> 00:16:17.07 Next week, I’ll show them working. 274 00:16:18.14 --> 00:16:19.28 – Right, Nazin? – Yes. 275 00:16:20.16 --> 00:16:21.02 Perfect.